Abstract noun: An abstract noun refers to states, events, concepts, feelings, qualities, etc., that have no physical existence.
Acronym: an abbreviation formed from the initial letters of other words and pronounced as a word (e.g. ASCII, NASA).
Adjacency pair: In pragmatics, a branch of linguistics, an adjacency pair is an example of conversational turn-taking. An adjacency pair is composed of two utterances by two speakers, one after the other.
Affixation: In linguistics, the process of adding a morpheme(or affix) to a word to create either a different form of that word, or a new word with a different meaning.
Amelioration: The upgrading or elevation of a word's meaning, as when a word with a negative sense develops a positive one.
Assimilation: A common phonological process by which one sound becomes more like a nearby sound. This can occur either within a word or between words.
Blending: A word formed by merging the sounds and meanings of two or more other words or word parts (portmanteau word).
Borrowing: A word from one language that has been adapted for use in another.
Cliche: A phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought.
Clipping: In morphology, a word formed by dropping one or more syllables from a polysyllabic word.
Colloquialism: A word or phrase that is not formal or literary and is used in ordinary or familiar conversation.
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